Cathode Material
A cikin shirye-shiryen kayan lantarki na inorganic don batirin lithium ion, babban yanayin yanayin zafin jiki shine mafi yawan amfani.Babban zafin jiki mai ƙarfi: yana nufin tsarin da masu amsawa ciki har da abubuwa masu ƙarfi na lokaci-lokaci a wani yanayin zafi kuma suna haifar da halayen sinadarai ta hanyar yaduwar juna tsakanin abubuwa daban-daban don samar da mafi kyawun mahadi a wani yanayin zafi. , ciki har da m-m dauki, m-gas dauki da m-ruwa dauki.
Ko da an yi amfani da hanyar sol-gel, hanyar daidaitawa, hanyar hydrothermal da hanyar solvothermal, ana buƙatar ɗaukar lokaci mai ƙarfi ko ƙwanƙwasa mai ƙarfi a babban zafin jiki.Wannan saboda ka'idar aiki na baturin lithium-ion yana buƙatar cewa kayan lantarki na iya maimaita sakawa da cire li +, don haka tsarin lattice ɗinsa dole ne ya sami isasshen kwanciyar hankali, wanda ke buƙatar crystallinity na kayan aiki ya zama babba kuma tsarin crystal ya zama na yau da kullun. .Wannan yana da wuyar cimmawa a ƙarƙashin ƙananan yanayin zafi, don haka kayan lantarki na batirin lithium-ion da ake amfani da su a zahiri ana samun su ta hanyar yanayin yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi.
The cathode kayan sarrafa samar line yafi hada hadawa tsarin, sintering tsarin, murkushe tsarin, ruwa wanka tsarin (kawai high nickel), marufi tsarin, foda isar da tsarin da hankali kula da tsarin.
Lokacin da ake amfani da tsarin haɗakar rigar a cikin samar da kayan aikin cathode don batir lithium-ion, sau da yawa ana fuskantar matsalolin bushewa.Abubuwan kaushi daban-daban da aka yi amfani da su a cikin tsarin haɗakar rigar za su haifar da matakai daban-daban na bushewa da kayan aiki.A halin yanzu, akwai nau'o'in kaushi iri biyu da ake amfani da su a cikin tsarin hadawa da jika: abubuwan da ba na ruwa ba, watau kwayoyin kaushi kamar ethanol, acetone, da dai sauransu;Ruwan ƙarfi.Kayan aikin bushewa don haɗa ruwan baturin lithium-ion kayan cathode sun haɗa da: injin rotary na'urar bushewa, injin rake na bushewa, na'urar bushewa, na'urar bushewa.
Samar da masana'antu na kayan cathode don batirin lithium-ion yawanci yana ɗaukar tsarin haɗin gwiwar yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi, kuma ainihin kayan aikin sa shine sintering kiln.Danyen kayan da ake samar da kayan batirin lithium-ion na cathode ana hada su daidai gwargwado ana busassu, sannan a loda su a cikin kwanon da za a yi nisa, sannan a sauke daga cikin tankar a cikin tsari na murkushewa da rarrabawa.Don samar da kayan cathode, alamun fasaha da tattalin arziki irin su zazzabi mai kula da zafin jiki, daidaiton yanayin zafi, sarrafa yanayi da daidaituwa, ci gaba, ƙarfin samarwa, amfani da makamashi da digiri na atomatik na kiln yana da mahimmanci.A halin yanzu, manyan kayan aikin sintering da ake amfani da su wajen samar da kayan cathode sune kiln turawa, abin nadi da murhun kararrawa.
◼ Roller kiln matsakaita ne mai girman rami tare da ci gaba da dumama da ƙwanƙwasa.
◼ Dangane da yanayin tanderu, kamar tukunyar turawa, na'urar na'ura kuma tana rarraba zuwa tukunyar iska da kiln yanayi.
- Kiln iska: galibi ana amfani da su don kayan aikin sintering da ke buƙatar yanayi mai oxidizing, kamar kayan lithium manganate, kayan lithium cobalt oxide, kayan ternary, da sauransu;
- Atmosphere kiln: galibi ana amfani da su don kayan ternary na NCA, kayan lithium iron phosphate (LFP), kayan graphite anode da sauran kayan sintering waɗanda ke buƙatar yanayi (kamar N2 ko O2) kariyar gas.
◼ Rola kiln yana ɗaukar tsarin jujjuyawar juzu'i, don haka tsayin kiln ɗin ba zai shafi ƙarfin motsa jiki ba.A ka'ida, yana iya zama marar iyaka.Halayen tsarin kogin kiln, mafi kyawun daidaito lokacin harbe-harbe kayayyakin, da kuma babban kogon ginin ginin ya fi dacewa da motsi na iska a cikin tanderun da magudanar ruwa da roba na samfurori.Kayan aiki ne da aka fi so don maye gurbin kiln mai turawa don aiwatar da babban sikeli da gaske.
◼ A halin yanzu, lithium cobalt oxide, ternary, lithium manganate da sauran kayan cathode na batir lithium-ion suna daskarewa a cikin injin abin nadi na iska, yayin da lithium baƙin ƙarfe phosphate aka niƙa a cikin injin abin nadi da nitrogen ke karewa, kuma NCA tana cikin abin nadi. kiln da oxygen ke kiyaye shi.
Material Electrode mara kyau
Babban matakai na asali tsari kwarara na wucin gadi graphite sun hada da pretreatment, pyrolysis, nika ball, graphitization (wato, zafi magani, sabõda haka, da farko disordered carbon atom an shirya neatly, da kuma key fasaha links), hadawa, shafi, hadawa. nunawa, aunawa, marufi da ajiya.Duk ayyukan suna da kyau kuma masu rikitarwa.
◼ An raba granulation zuwa tsarin pyrolysis da tsarin tantancewa na ball.
A cikin tsarin pyrolysis, sanya matsakaicin abu 1 a cikin reactor, maye gurbin iska a cikin reactor tare da N2, rufe reactor, zazzage shi ta hanyar lantarki gwargwadon yanayin zafin jiki, motsa shi a 200 ~ 300 ℃ na 1 ~ 3h, sannan a ci gaba. don zafi da shi zuwa 400 ~ 500 ℃, motsa shi don samun kayan aiki tare da girman nau'in 10 ~ 20mm, rage yawan zafin jiki da kuma fitar da shi don samun matsakaicin kayan aiki 2. Akwai nau'i biyu na kayan aiki da aka yi amfani da su a cikin tsarin pyrolysis, reactor na tsaye da ci gaba da ci gaba. kayan aikin granulation, duka biyun suna da ka'ida ɗaya.Dukansu biyu suna motsawa ko motsawa ƙarƙashin wani takamaiman yanayin zafin jiki don canza abun da ke ciki da kaddarorin jiki da sinadarai a cikin reactor.Bambance-bambancen shine kettle na tsaye shine yanayin haɗuwa na kettle mai zafi da mai sanyi.Abubuwan da ke cikin kettle ana canza su ta hanyar motsawa bisa ga yanayin zafin jiki a cikin kettle mai zafi.Bayan an gama, ana saka shi a cikin tukunyar sanyaya don sanyaya, kuma ana iya ciyar da tukunyar mai zafi.Ci gaba da granulation kayan aiki gane ci gaba da aiki, tare da low makamashi amfani da babban fitarwa.
◼ Carbonization da graphitization wani bangare ne na dole.The carbonization tanderu carbonizes kayan a matsakaici da kuma low yanayin zafi.Zazzabi na tanderun carbonization na iya kaiwa digiri Celsius 1600, wanda zai iya biyan bukatun carbonization.Babban madaidaicin mai sarrafa zafin jiki mai hankali da tsarin sa ido na PLC na atomatik zai sanya bayanan da aka samar a cikin tsarin carbonization daidai da sarrafa su.
Graphitization tanderu, ciki har da a kwance high-zazzabi, ƙananan fitarwa, a tsaye, da dai sauransu, sanya graphite a cikin graphite zafi zone (carbon dauke da muhalli) domin sintering da smelting, da kuma yawan zafin jiki a wannan lokacin na iya isa 3200 ℃.
◼ Rufi
Ana jigilar kayan tsaka-tsaki 4 zuwa silo ta hanyar tsarin isarwa ta atomatik, kuma an cika kayan ta atomatik a cikin akwatin promethium ta manipulator.Tsarin isarwa ta atomatik yana jigilar akwatin promethium zuwa ci gaba da reactor (nadi kiln) don shafi, Samun matsakaicin kayan 5 (a ƙarƙashin kariya ta nitrogen, kayan yana mai tsanani zuwa 1150 ℃ bisa ga wani yanayin hawan zafin jiki na 8 ~ 10h). Tsarin dumama shine don dumama kayan aiki ta hanyar wutar lantarki, kuma hanyar dumama ba ta kai tsaye ba tana jujjuya kwalta mai inganci a saman faifan graphite zuwa murfin carbon pyrolytic yayin aikin dumama condense, da crystal ilimin halittar jiki da aka sāke (amorphous jihar da aka canza zuwa crystalline jihar), An oda microcrystalline carbon Layer aka kafa a saman na halitta mai siffar zobe graphite barbashi, kuma a karshe wani mai rufi graphite kamar abu da "core-harsashi" tsarin ne. samu